"fryen" meaning in Middle English

See fryen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈfriːən/
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French frire, from Latin frīgō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g-; compare fryture (“fritter”). Etymology templates: {{ety|enm|:bor|fro:frire<id:fry>|id=fry}} [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "fry", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "fry", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "fry", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*bʰerǵ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "frīgō", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "frire", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "fryen", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="fry" data-lang="enm" data-title="fryen" id="Middle_English:_fry">, {{bor+|enm|fro|frire}} Borrowed from Old French frire, {{der|enm|la|frīgō}} Latin frīgō, {{der|enm|ine-pro|*bʰer-|*bʰer(H)-g-}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g- Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} fryen, {{enm-verb|fryeth|fryinge|fryed|fryed}} fryen (third-person singular simple present fryeth, present participle fryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fryed) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|fry|part=fryinge}} Forms: fryeth [present, singular, third-person], fryinge [participle, present], fryed [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], weak [table-tags], fryen [infinitive], to fryen [infinitive], frye [infinitive], frye [first-person, present, singular], fryed [first-person, past, singular], fryede [first-person, past, singular], fryest [present, second-person, singular], fryedest [past, second-person, singular], fryeth [present, singular, third-person], fryed [past, singular, third-person], fryede [past, singular, third-person], frye [present, singular, subjunctive], fryed [past, singular, subjunctive], fryede [past, singular, subjunctive], frye [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], fryen [plural, present], frye [plural, present], fryeden [past, plural], fryed [past, plural], fryede [past, plural], fryeth [imperative, plural, present], frye [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], fryinge [participle, present], fryende [participle, present], fryed [participle, past], yfryed [participle, past], frien [alternative], frye [alternative], fryyn [alternative]
  1. To fry (cook in hot fat)
    Sense id: en-fryen-enm-verb-Yx0FTMzb Categories (other): Cooking Disambiguation of Cooking: 58 42
  2. (figurative, rare) To burn to death. Tags: figuratively, rare
    Sense id: en-fryen-enm-verb-ktVsikBm Categories (other): Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon, Death Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 16 84 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 90 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 6 94 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 95 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 12 88 Disambiguation of Death: 0 100

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "fry"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fry"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "frioch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "priáil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "lang_code": "kw",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "fria"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "ffrio"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "fro:frire<id:fry>",
        "id": "fry"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fry\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fry\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fry\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰerǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"frīgō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"frire\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"fryen\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"fry\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"fryen\" id=\"Middle_English:_fry\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "frire"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French frire",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "frīgō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frīgō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰer-",
        "4": "*bʰer(H)-g-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French frire, from Latin frīgō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g-; compare fryture (“fritter”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fryeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryinge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to fryen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryinge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yfryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frien",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fryen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fryeth",
        "2": "fryinge",
        "3": "fryed",
        "4": "fryed"
      },
      "expansion": "fryen (third-person singular simple present fryeth, present participle fryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fryed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fry",
        "part": "fryinge"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "enm:Cooking",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To fry (cook in hot fat)"
      ],
      "id": "en-fryen-enm-verb-Yx0FTMzb",
      "links": [
        [
          "fry",
          "fry"
        ],
        [
          "cook",
          "cook#English"
        ],
        [
          "hot",
          "hot#English"
        ],
        [
          "fat",
          "fat#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Death",
          "orig": "enm:Death",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To burn to death."
      ],
      "id": "en-fryen-enm-verb-ktVsikBm",
      "links": [
        [
          "burn",
          "burn"
        ],
        [
          "death",
          "death"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, rare) To burn to death."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfriːən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fryen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵ-",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "enm:Cooking",
    "enm:Death"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "fry"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fry"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "frioch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "priáil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "lang_code": "kw",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "fria"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "ffrio"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "fro:frire<id:fry>",
        "id": "fry"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fry\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fry\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fry\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰerǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"frīgō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"frire\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"fryen\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"fry\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"fryen\" id=\"Middle_English:_fry\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "frire"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French frire",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "frīgō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frīgō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰer-",
        "4": "*bʰer(H)-g-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French frire, from Latin frīgō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g-; compare fryture (“fritter”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fryeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryinge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to fryen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryinge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yfryed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frien",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "frye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fryyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fryen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fryeth",
        "2": "fryinge",
        "3": "fryed",
        "4": "fryed"
      },
      "expansion": "fryen (third-person singular simple present fryeth, present participle fryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fryed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fry",
        "part": "fryinge"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To fry (cook in hot fat)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fry",
          "fry"
        ],
        [
          "cook",
          "cook#English"
        ],
        [
          "hot",
          "hot#English"
        ],
        [
          "fat",
          "fat#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To burn to death."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "burn",
          "burn"
        ],
        [
          "death",
          "death"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, rare) To burn to death."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfriːən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fryen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for fryen meaning in Middle English (6.2kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.